f 8 aircraft

F 8 Aircraft - The Chance Vote F-8 Crusader is an American carrier-based interceptor aircraft. Due to its function as a fighter aircraft, it has the F-8 type designation.

The first flight was made by the aircraft in February 1955; The Crusader was declared operational and commissioned into the USN and USMC in January 1957. A total of 1260 examples of this type were produced.

F 8 Aircraft

Before the Vietnam War, the F-8 Crusader was the last American fighter jet with a cannon as its primary weapon system. Aircraft developed after this were entirely based on missile weapons. However, due to the experience gained in the Vietnam War, warriors are now equipped with firearms again. In a 1 vs 1 dogfight it turns out that aircraft with only missiles are left behind immediately.

Vought F 8e (fn) Crusader French Navy Marine Nationale

Due to its cannon armament and great maneuverability, the Crusaders excelled in dogfights and shot down many aircraft with their cannons. The aircraft achieved great success as an escort and interceptor fighter.

In 1964, the first F-8 E Crusader was also delivered to the French naval aviation service Aéronavale. Total strength is 42 pieces. This aircraft was slightly modified for the operation of the small French aircraft carriers Clemenceau and Foch. They served until 1999, when they were replaced by the French Dassault Raphael M.

In 1977, 35 Crusaders were delivered to the Philippine Air Force to replace the aging F-86 Sabre. This flight operated until 1991 and was canceled after that. Before the Vietnam War, the leadership of the US Air Force and US Navy believed that superior technology in aircraft and weapons would lead to air superiority over any enemy. 4 F-like fighter jets, with powerful radars and long-range missiles beyond the skies of enemy fighters. Older fighters, along with the F-4, felt out of place. The air war against North Vietnam, particularly North Vietnamese MiG aircraft, attracted much media and military leadership attention because it tested this theory, but against an inferior enemy. From 1965 to 1968 and again in 1972, United States aircraft flew almost daily combat missions over North Vietnam. Against a much smaller and technologically inferior enemy. The United States Air Force found that its reliance on technology was not up to the task of providing air superiority over North Vietnam and the U.S. The Air Force had a disappointing 2 kills for every U.S. A plane was shot down by Vietnamese fighters. This is far lower than the 14 to 1 ratio of alleged killings in the Korean War. (Recent historians dispute this claim, and some estimate the kill ratio in Korea to be closer to 8 to 1). The low homicide rate in the U.S. Leadership is severely affected. army The Vietnamese Air Force, poorly trained and equipped with very antiquated fighter aircraft, proved that it could hold its own against a better equipped enemy. Fighters and pilots with advanced technology and weapons found their training, tactics and aircraft ineffective in Vietnam, except for one aircraft. The Navy's F-8 Cruiser, built by Vaught, was made more respectable. A 7 to 1 kill ratio was achieved in the first three years of the Vietnam War with a 6 to 1 kill ratio and potential argument added to the equation.

How did the Crusader pilots achieve such a drastic difference in success when compared to newer and more advanced American fighters? The comparison between the F-8 and its two enemies in the Vietnam War, the MiG-17 and the MiG-21, was that the F-8 was evenly matched against both MiGs. By 1965 the F-8 was a proven aircraft, with a respectable set of weapons and a mature training program and reasonable maneuverability. Armament is ranged and it relies on a rear quarter IR missile and four 20-mm cannons. The nature of the air war over Vietnam burdened the American military with several weaknesses. Strict rules of engagement, weather and long flight distances are some of the drawbacks. This allowed the North Vietnamese MiG pilots to choose the right time to attack. This leads to the dogfight becoming a visual affair of maneuvers, something F-8 pilots are used to. Precise experience, which could easily be translated into a war situation, played an important role in the success of the F-8 over North Vietnam.

Vought F 8 Crusader

The F-8 was built with one mission: seek and shoot down enemy aircraft. The Crusader is armed with four Colt Mark-12 twenty-millimeter cannons and can also carry four AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles. The Mark-12 cannon is capable of firing 660 rounds per minute but is prone to jamming.

F-8 squadrons have found that consistent use and maintenance of the Mark-12 reduces jamming incidents in training. Unfortunately, the training environment does not simulate shooting targets on the ground or shooting target banners at 30,000 feet. The intensity of the dogfights in North Vietnam flowed at 30,000 feet and supersonic patterns.

A pilot must fly a smooth and precise pattern through the air to score hits on the banner. G-forces can approach 6G during a shot run, with G-force typically applied with a smooth, steady pull. Instead a dogfight involves a fighter trying to shoot down another plane moving in three dimensions. In this fight, the G-force starts quickly, followed by a rapid unloading or negative G-force. The discrepancy between firing conditions in training and combat caused the problem of artillery interference to return during the mission over North Vietnam.

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Throwback Thursday: French F 8 Crusader

The F-8 uses the AIM-9 Sidewinder, a short-range infra-red homing missile. The F-8 used two different variants of the AIM-9 during the first part of the Vietnam War, the AIM-9B and the AIM-9D. The AIM-9B/D was limited during the Vietnam War due to poor IR sensitivity. , which is more sensitive to ground heat than targeting aircraft. It is possible to trace the source. Currently, AIM-9s are forced to fire at the rear of enemy aircraft and are severely limited in their ability to track and attack moving targets. The AIM-9B is only effective at an angle of tail (AOT) of less than 20 degrees The AIM-9B is also effective at less than 2 G in the launch plane. The AIM-9D has a cooled seeker head that provides better heat discrimination and a better motor for better performance.

The AIM-9D is effective up to 40 degrees AOT, but the F-8 Tactical Manual (TACMAN) states that it is effective up to 90 degrees AOT.

The AIM-9D can be fired with more G in the launcher and has better effectiveness against maneuvering targets. The missile's effective range depends on altitude, but below 10,000 feet, where almost all air-to-air interactions take place in North Vietnam, the AIM-9 has an effective range from a quarter of a mile to just 2 miles at 10,000 feet.

F-8 pilots trained with captive-carrying AIM-9s in the 1960s, which gave all valid track indications, but the missile had no motor or warhead. This made pilots aware of missile envelopes, and F-8 pilots had a better success rate than their US counterparts. The F-8 is capable of carrying the AIM-9C, a semi-active short-range radar missile, capable of being shot down. Enemy aircraft flew 6 miles at 10,000 feet. Semi-active missile guidance on radar return. In order for the AIM-9C to steer, the F-8's radar must be fully operational and locked onto the target. The AIM-9C saw some success in training exercises and was occasionally brought into the war against Vietnam, but never had a chance to be used.

Have Gun, Will Dogfight

The APQ radar provides a rough range, elevation and bearing of approximately 20 miles with the APQ-134 against fighter-sized targets.

The pulse radar does not have a look-down capability so the F-8 radar cannot see targets much lower than its altitude. The F-8 pilot has the advantage of acquiring the aircraft with its radar and using the information to enter the visual field. Crusader Radar positioning is based on good GCI or AIC (Ground Controlled Intercept or Airborne Intercept Control, a controller on the ground or in the air that monitors powerful radars and directs fighters) and good visual reconnaissance theory.

During the air war over North Vietnam, air-to-air engagements, especially in visuals

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